ISEE Upper Level Verbal : Synonyms: Roots from Latin

Study concepts, example questions & explanations for ISEE Upper Level Verbal

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Example Questions

Example Question #21 :Synonyms: Roots From Latin

Select the answer choice that is closest in meaning to the word in capital letters.

FIDELITY

Possible Answers:

Loyalty

Sagacity

Luck

Demeanor

Valor

Correct answer:

Loyalty

Explanation:

The word “fidelity” is derived from the Latin roots for “faith” and is found in other words like “confident” and “infidel.” When someone shows fidelity, that person is faithful to someone or something. For instance, to say, “Raul showed fidelity to his wife all throughout their marriage, never once breaking the trust of their marriage vows.”

Example Question #22 :Synonyms: Roots From Latin

Select the answer choice that is closest in meaning to the word in capital letters.

MARINER

Possible Answers:

Sailor

Aquatic

Sergeant

Pirate

Oceanic

Correct answer:

Sailor

Explanation:

The word “marine” means “related to the sea.” It is derived from the Latin for “sea” and is found in words like “maritime” and “submarine.” A “mariner” is another word for a sailor—a person who does his work “on the sea.”

Example Question #23 :Synonyms: Roots From Latin

Select the answer choice that is closest in meaning to the word in capital letters.

EGOCENTRIC

Possible Answers:

Narcissistic

Prodigal

Prodigal

Lucid

Revolting

Lucid

Magnanimous

Revolting

Correct answer:

Narcissistic

Explanation:

The root "ego" is derived from the Latin word forselfand the suffix "-centric" meanscentered on or around, so it makes sense that “egocentric” meansthinking most of oneself, or“narcissistic.”“Magnanimous” meansgenerous, particularly with money; “prodigal” meanswasteful with money; “revolting” meansdisgustingorrebelling, and "lucid" meansclearoreasy to understand.

Example Question #24 :Synonyms: Roots From Latin

Select the answer choice that is closest in meaning to the word in capital letters.

CONCURRENT

Possible Answers:

Esoteric

Reverence

Simultaneous

Antipathy

Antecedent

Correct answer:

Simultaneous

Explanation:

The prefix "con-" meanswith, and "-curr-" derives from the Latin forrun, so it makes sense that “concurrent” meansrunningtogether, or in other words,happening at the sametime, or “simultaneous.” “Esoteric” meanslikely to be understood by a small number of people, rarefied,orabstract; “antecedent” meansforerunnerorsomething that comes before another thing; “antipathy” ishostilityoranimosity; and “reverence” isdeep respectorworship.

Example Question #25 :Synonyms: Roots From Latin

Select the answer choice that is closest in meaning to the word in capital letters.

REJUVENATE

Possible Answers:

Revitalize

Pardon

Truncate

Homogenize

Grovel

Correct answer:

Revitalize

Explanation:

The prefix "re-" can meando again, and the Latin root "juven" meansyouth, so it makes sense that "rejuvenate" meansmake someone or something look or feel young again. This is very close to the meaning of the word “revitalize,” which meansgive new life to. As for the other answer choices, “homogenize” meansmake uniformorstandardize; “grovel” meansbeg while on one's knees on the ground; “truncate” meansshorten; and “pardon” meansofficially forgive.

Example Question #26 :Synonyms: Roots From Latin

Select the answer choice that is closest in meaning to the word in capital letters.

LUSTER

Possible Answers:

Desire

Inferno

Affection

Glow

Ardor

Correct answer:

Glow

Explanation:

Do not be tricked into thinking that the word “luster” is related to “lust.” The two words come from very different bases. “Luster” is related to the same Latin root from which we get the word “illustrate.” The root meansto illuminate. (An illustration “illuminates” a topic by making it visible to the eye.) The best meaning for “luster” is therefore “glow.” Something with a luster has a sheen or brightness that glows.

Example Question #27 :Synonyms: Roots From Latin

Select the answer choice that is closest in meaning to the word in capital letters.

DELUGE

Possible Answers:

Embarass

Flood

Spittle

Infliction

Thrust

Correct answer:

Flood

Explanation:

The word deluge comes from the Latin for “to wash away.” The “-luge” portion means “wash” and is found in words like “dilute” and “ablution” (the washing of oneself). Often, one finds the word used in literary sources referring to “the Deluge,” referring to the Biblical story of Noah’s ark and the flood. At times, the word “antediluvian” is used to insult something by implying that something is “older than Noah’s flood.” Note that the word “deluge” can be used to indicate not only a flood of water but also any great amount happening at one time.

Example Question #28 :Synonyms: Roots From Latin

Select the answer choice that is closest in meaning to the word in capital letters.

CURRENT

Possible Answers:

Electricity

Standardized

Transmission

Flow

Unoriginal

Correct answer:

Flow

Explanation:

The word “current” comes from the Latin for “to run.” Although it can mean “concerning the present moment,” it can likewise mean “to flow,” as when someone talks about the flow of water or electrical current (the “flow of electrons”). This general meaning is the one that is most appropriate among the answer options.

Example Question #29 :Synonyms: Roots From Latin

Select the answer choice that is closest in meaning to the word in capital letters.

GENRE

Possible Answers:

Symphony

Class

Preference

Selection

Music

Correct answer:

Class

Explanation:

The word “genre” is related to the Latin “genus,” a term that we still use in logic to mean “general kind.” For instance, when someone says “man is a rational animal,” the general class “animal” is the genus into which “man” is placed (so to speak). When we speak of “genres of music,” what we really mean are “classes” or “general types” of music. For instance, one might say, “The most popular genres of music are baroque organ and renaissance polyphony, not rock and ska.”

Example Question #30 :Synonyms: Roots From Latin

Select the answer choice that is closest in meaning to the word in capital letters.

GUSTO

Possible Answers:

Noisy

Regularity

Enthusiasm

Forcefulness

Devotion

Correct answer:

Enthusiasm

Explanation:

The word “gusto” is perhaps a bit informal; however, it is regularly used in speech and even somewhat formal writing. Often, you will see it expressed in some form similar to, “Since he greatly loved his work, John performed it with gusto, always ready to take on a new task.” In such contexts, the word means “enthusiasm,” “readiness,” or even “enjoyment.” It is related to the Latin for “taste,” which can be found in “gustatory” as well as “digest.” If someone “has a taste” for something, he or she likely has a great love for it and does it with much enthusiasm.

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