SSAT Upper Level Verbal : Part and Whole

Study concepts, example questions & explanations for SSAT Upper Level Verbal

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Example Questions

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Example Question #1 :Analogies: Determining Meaning From Type Of Relationship

Keyboard is to computer as __________.

Possible Answers:

traffic light is to intersection

cheese is to rind

moveable type is to printing press

paper is to pen

tangent is to curve

Correct answer:

moveable type is to printing press

Explanation:

Since a keyboard is part of a computer on which letters are printed and people use to write messages, we need to pick out an answer choice in which the first word is part of the second word, and more specifically, a part that involves letters or writing. "Paper is to pen" might be correct if the words were reversed, but as it stands, they are in the wrong order, and while a pen is used to write messages on paper, it is not specifically part of paper; however, since moveable type refers to the part of a printing press on which letters are carved and a printing press can be used to print written works, "moveable type is to printing press" is the correct answer.

Example Question #2 :Part/Whole, Part/Part, Example/Category, And Cause/Effect

Complete this analogy.

Ceiling is to room as__________.

Possible Answers:

leaves are to trees

floor is to carpet

canopy is to forest

plant is to harvest

cave is to stalactite

Correct answer:

canopy is to forest

Explanation:

Since a ceiling represents the topmost part or upper boundary of a room, we're looking for a pair of words in which the first word describes the upper boundary or the topmost part of the second. "Leaves are to trees" may seem like a good answer initially, but leaves are only part of trees—while they can be found at the top of trees, they don't necessarily have to. Similarly, stalactites are found on the ceilings of caves, but they represent only a feature of the ceiling, not the entire boundary. The best answer is "canopy to forest," as the forest represents the topmost part or upper boundary of a forest.

Example Question #1 :Analogies: Determining Meaning From Type Of Relationship

Complete this analogy.

Candy is to wrapper as orange is to__________.

Possible Answers:

rind

citrus

pulp

fruit

seeds

Correct answer:

rind

Explanation:

The wrapper on a piece of candy protects its exterior, so we need to pick out an answer choice that describes what protects the exterior of an orange. While “rind” and “pulp” might each look like a potentially correct answer because each word is associated with oranges, “pulp” meansthe soft part of a fruit, so it cannot be the correct answer because an orange’s pulp does not protect its exterior; however, “rind” can meanthe tough exterior of a fruit. Because orange rind protects its exterior just as a candy’s wrapper protects its exterior, “rind” is the correct answer.

Example Question #1 :Part/Whole, Part/Part, Example/Category, And Cause/Effect

Complete this analogy.

Sector is to circle as segment is to__________.

Possible Answers:

geometry

metrical

following

line

extemporaneous

Correct answer:

line

Explanation:

一个部门的一部分circle-think”派piece” or something of the like. Thus, the analogy could be rewritten, “Just as a sector is part of a circle, so is a segment part of X.” In general, a segment is any potential divided part of an object—in segmented worms, segments of cars, etc. Among the options provided, only “line” provides a suitable “whole,” to which the “part” that is a segment can be compared. All of the other options are broadly related but insufficient.

Example Question #1 :Analogies: Determining Meaning From Type Of Relationship

Complete this analogy.

Icing is to cake as froth is to__________.

Possible Answers:

irritation

suds

liquid

lather

anger

Correct answer:

liquid

Explanation:

Sometimes an analogy can be so simple that you will overanalyze it. Do not do so with this question. Icing is merely meant here as the top layer on the cake—nothing further. Thus, the bridge sentence for this analogy could be written, “Just as icing is the top layer on a cake, so froth is the top layer of X.” Froth is the top layer of liquid caused by it being disturbed or sometimes by something like the fermentation of yeast in the liquid.

Example Question #3 :Part/Whole, Part/Part, Example/Category, And Cause/Effect

Complete this analogy.

Ingredient is to recipe as bristle is to__________.

Possible Answers:

shag

brush

offended

fear

anger

Correct answer:

brush

Explanation:

的成分配方的部分it is comprised; therefore, one could fairly write the bridge sentence, “Just as ingredients are the parts of a recipe, so are bristles part of a X.” Now, “bristle” can meanto become angry, but this comes from the description of an animal that is “bristling,” that is, having its hair stand up out of anger or fear. Bristles are a type of stiff hair that are used in brushes, which would be the best option for the “larger thing” of which the bristles are a part.

Example Question #3 :Part/Whole, Part/Part, Example/Category, And Cause/Effect

Complete this analogy.

District is to city as hour is to__________.

Possible Answers:

measure

moment

day

time

portion

Correct answer:

day

Explanation:

A district is a part of a given city. For instance, a city might have a “market district” in which a number of food salespeople have shops for selling bulk quantities to potential restaurants in town. There might be an “Italian district” in which a number of Italians live and have set up shops and restaurants, giving the area a distinctive Italian appearance and character. The analogy could thus be rewritten, “As a district is part of a city, so too is an hour part of X.” An hour is part of a day. While it is a period of time, a measure of time, a moment (in the grand scheme, at least), and even “a portion” (of a longer time), it is only part of a day. The analogy requires a part-whole relationship.

Example Question #1 :Part/Whole, Part/Part, Example/Category, And Cause/Effect

Complete this analogy.

Yolk is to egg as__________.

Possible Answers:

ball is to sport

finger is to hand

boil is to steam

page is to book

tree is to soil

Correct answer:

page is to book

Explanation:

Since a yolk is part of an egg, we need to pick out an answer choice in which the first word describes a part of the second word. Either "page is to book" or "finger is to hand" could be the correct answer. Since a yolk is contained within an egg and a page is contained within a book, but a finger is not contained within a hand, "page is to book" is the better answer of the two choices and the correct answer.

Example Question #41 :Analogies

Complete this analogy.

Atom is to molecule as minute is to__________.

Possible Answers:

century

stopwatch

clock

hour

tiny

Correct answer:

hour

Explanation:

An atom is the basic part from which molecules are constructed; therefore, this is a part-whole analogy. A minute is part of a larger measure of time. Here, you have to be careful. Two options are justifiably tempting, namely “hour” and “century.” Now, “molecules” are the “first rung” of combined atoms. We could, of course, say that organs are made up of atoms; however, this could be stated as “organs are made up of tissues, which are made up of cells, which are made up of molecules, which are made up of atoms.” Notice that “molecule” is the immediate product of atoms, not a distant one (as in the case of organs in relation to elements). This means that “hour” is a better option than “century.”

Example Question #1 :Part And Whole

Complete this analogy.

Corn is to kernel as__________.

Possible Answers:

turnip is to leaf

pumpkin is to pie

carrot is to orange

head is to lettuce

sunflower is to sunflower seed

Correct answer:

sunflower is to sunflower seed

Explanation:

Since kernels are the edible seeds of corn, we need to pick out another set of words in which the second word describes the edible seeds of the plant the first word represents. While many of the answers have to do with vegetables, "sunflower is to sunflower seed" is the best answer, because sunflower seeds are the edible seeds of sunflowers.

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