GRE Math : How to factor a number

Study concepts, example questions & explanations for GRE Math

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Example Questions

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Example Question #81 :Arithmetic

Column A

5!/3!

Column B

6!/4!

Possible Answers:

这两个quantities are equal.

The quantity in Column A is greater.

The quantity in Column B is greater.

The relationship cannot be determined from the information given.

Correct answer:

The quantity in Column B is greater.

Explanation:

This is a basic factorial question. A factorial is equal to the number times every positive whole number smaller than itself. In Column A, the numerator is 5 * 4 * 3 * 2 * 1 while the denominator is 3 * 2 * 1.

As you can see, the 3 * 2 * 1 can be cancelled out from both the numerator and denominator, leaving only 5 * 4.

The value for Column A is 5 * 4 = 20.

In Column B, the numerator is 6 * 5 * 4 * 3 * 2 * 1 while the denominator is 4 * 3 * 2 * 1. After simplifying, Column B gives a value of 6 * 5, or 30.

Thus, Column B is greater than Column A.

Example Question #83 :Arithmetic

Which of the following integers are factors of both 24 and 42?

Possible Answers:
3
8
12
7
5
Correct answer:3
Explanation:

3 is the only answer that is a factor of both 24 and 42. 42/3 = 14 and 24/3 = 8. The other answers are either a factor of 24 OR 42 or neither, but not both.

Example Question #84 :Arithmetic

721(413) + 211(721) is equal to which of the following?

Possible Answers:

413(721 + 211)

211(413 + 721)

(721 + 413)(211 +721)

721(413 + 211)

(721 + 211)(413 + 721)

Correct answer:

721(413 + 211)

Explanation:

The answer is 721(413 + 211) because we can pull out a common factor, or 721, from both sides of the equation.

Example Question #85 :Arithmetic

nis a positive integer
.p= 4 * 6 * 11 * n

Quantity A: The remainder whenpis divided by 5

Quantity B: The remainder whenpis divided by 33

Possible Answers:

Quantity A is greater.

Quantity B is greater.

The relationship cannot be determined from the information given.

这两个quantities are equal.

Correct answer:

The relationship cannot be determined from the information given.

Explanation:

Let's consider Quantity B first. What will the remainder be whenpis divided by 33?

4, 6 and 11 are factors ofpwhich means that 2 * 2 * 2 * 3 * 11 *nwill equalp. We can group the 3 and 11 to see that 33 will always be a factor ofpand will have no remainder. Thus Quantity B will always equal 0 no matter the value ofn.

Now consider Quantity A. Let's consider first the values forpwhen n equals 1 through 5. Whenn= 1,p= 264, and the remainder is 4/5 or 0.8.

n= 2,p= 528, and the remainder is 3/5 or 0.6.

n= 3,p= 792, and the remainder is 2/5 or 0.4.

n= 4,p= 1056, and the remainder is 1/5 or 0.2.

n= 5,p= 1320, and the remainder is 0 (because whenn= 5, 5 becomes a factor ofpand thus there is no remainder.

Because Quantity A can be equal to or greater than B, there is not enough information given to determine the relationship.

Example Question #81 :Arithmetic

Quantitative Comparison

Quantity A: number of 2's in the prime factorization of 32

Quantity B: number of 2's in the prime factorization of 60

Possible Answers:

The relationship cannot be determined from the information given.

Quantity B is greater.

Quantity A is greater.

这两个quantities are equal.

Correct answer:

Quantity A is greater.

Explanation:

32 = 2 * 16 = 2 * 4 * 4 = 2 * 2 * 2 * 2 * 2 = 25, so Quantity A = 5.

60 = 2 * 30 = 2 * 6 * 5 = 2 * 2 * 3 * 5 = 22* 3 * 5, so Quantity B = 2.

Quantity A is greater. Even though 60 is a larger number than 32, 32 has more 2's in its prime factorization.

Example Question #81 :Arithmetic

Ifis an integer and\frac{396}{b}是整数,下面哪个可以吗value of?

Possible Answers:

Correct answer:

Explanation:

Because, the answer choice that has a factorization set that cancels out completely with 396 will produce an integer. Only 18 fits this qualification, since.

Example Question #1 :How To Factor A Number

What is the sum of the individual factors of 100 and 200?

Possible Answers:

Correct answer:

Explanation:

Do not try to count out the factors. A neat formula for finding the sum of factors of a number can be utilized by first determining the prime factorization of the number.

,

where s is the sum, a, b, and c are factors, and x, y, and z are the powers of these factors.

Then, a = 2, b = 5, x = 2, y = 2.

Then, a = 2, b = 5, x = 3, y = 2.

Now we can add our two sums.

Example Question #1 :How To Factor A Number

What is the largest possible integer value ofifdivides 16! evenly?

Possible Answers:

Correct answer:

Explanation:

This question is really asking, “How many factors of 4 are there in 16!”? To ascertain this, list all the even numbers and count the total number of 2s among those factors.

Respectively, 16, 14, 12, 10, 8, 6, 4, 2 have 4, 1, 2, 1, 3, 1, 2, 1 factors of 2.

The total then is 15. This means that you have a factor of 215, which is the same as 47* 2; therefore, since you are asked for the largest integer value ofn, 7 is your answer.

Any larger integer value would not allow 4nto divide 16! evenly.

Example Question #3 :How To Factor A Number

If the product of two distinct integer is, which of the following could not represent the sum of those two integers?

Possible Answers:

Correct answer:

Explanation:

Since we're dealing with a product that comes out to a positive value, it could be the product of two positives or two negatives.

That being said, consider the ways we could factor:

For each of these four possible factors, there are four possible sums:

Example Question #1 :How To Factor A Number

If the product of two distinct integers is, which of the following could not represent the sum of those two integers?

Possible Answers:

Correct answer:

Explanation:

When the product of two numbers is positive, that means that either both numbers were positive, or both numbers were negative.

Now, considering the waycould be factored:

And of course the cases where both values are negative. For each of these potential factors, the sums are then

Absolute value signs are used to denote that either a sum or it's negative suffices. However, recall that we're told the two integers are distinct!

Due to this, neitheroris an acceptable answers, because both the integers would be equivalent and not distinct.

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