改编自《美国简史》(1908)爱德华·钱宁著。

第一批殖民者于1606年12月驶向弗吉尼亚。他们在路上走了好几个月，经历了可怕的困难。最后他们到达切萨皮克湾，在詹姆斯河的一个半岛上定居下来，离河口大约30英里。在连接这个半岛和大陆的小地峡对面，他们建造了坚固的栅栏，或栅栏，以防止印第安人靠近他们的小屋。他们把他们的定居点命名为詹姆斯敦。弗吉尼亚的早期殖民者不太适合做这样的工作。他们中的一些人是绅士，从来没有用自己的双手劳动过;另一些人是贫穷、懒惰的家伙，他们唯一的愿望就是什么也不做。他们当中有几个精力充沛的人，如拉特克利夫、阿切尔和史密斯。但他们大部分时间都花在探索海湾和河流上，在寻找金子上，在互相争吵上。 With the summer came fevers, and soon fifty of the one-hundred-and-five original colonists were dead. Then followed a cold, hard winter, and many of those who had not died of fever in the summer died of cold. The colonists brought little food with them, they were too lazy to plant much corn, and they were able to get only small supplies from the Indians. Indeed, the early history of Virginia is given mainly to accounts of "starving times." Of the first thousand colonists not one hundred lived to tell the tale of those early days.

殖民者的早期经历是由__________．