微积分AB:应用介值定理

Study concepts, example questions & explanations for Calculus AB

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Example Questions

例子问题# 1:Apply Intermediate Value Theorem

Which of the following does NOT satisfy the conditions required to apply the Intermediate Value Theorem to a functionon the interval?

Possible Answers:

Intermediate Value Theorem can be used when

Intermediate Value Theorem cannot be applied outside of the interval

Intermediate Value Theorem considers points within the interval

The function f must be continuous alongto apply Intermediate Value Theorem

Correct answer:

Intermediate Value Theorem can be used when

Explanation:

Intermediate Value Theorem states that if the functionis continuous and has a domain containing the interval, then at some numberwithin the intervalthe function will take on a valuethat is between the values ofand.

The conditions that must be satisfied in order to use Intermediate Value Theorem include that the function must be continuous and the numbermust be within the interval. However,cannot equal.

Therefore, the answer choice “Intermediate Value Theorem can be used when” does not satisfy the necessary conditions and is the correct answer for this question.

例子问题# 1:Apply Intermediate Value Theorem

Using Intermediate Value Theorem to analyze a continuous function, what can be deduced if a polynomial changes signs within an interval?

Possible Answers:

The function is not continuous within that interval

The function is not differentiable within that interval

There is a local maximum between the endpoints of that interval

There is a zero between the endpoints of that interval

Correct answer:

There is a zero between the endpoints of that interval

Explanation:

Intermediate Value Theorem is only true with continuous, differentiable functions, thus eliminating the answer choices “The function is not continuous within that interval” and “The function is not differentiable within that interval.” There is not necessarily a local maximum or minimum contained in the interval either. That leaves the correct answer choice, “There is a zero between the endpoints of that interval.” If the polynomial is changing signs and meets the requirements for Intermediate Value Theorem, it must cross theaxis at some point within the interval.

例子问题# 1:Apply Intermediate Value Theorem

What theorem could you use to show that a polynomial has a root on a given interval?

Possible Answers:

Fundamental Theorem of Calculus

Intermediate Value Theorem

Extreme Value Theorem

Mean Value Theorem for Derivatives

Correct answer:

Intermediate Value Theorem

Explanation:

A polynomial has a zero or root when it crosses theaxis. For a given interval, if a and b have different signs (for instance, ifis negative andis positive), then by Intermediate Value Theorem there must be a value of zero betweenand. Therefore, Intermediate Value Theorem is the correct answer.

Example Question #4 :Apply Intermediate Value Theorem

Using the continuous functionand the interval, which of the following correctly identifies why the Intermediate Value Theorem is useful?

Possible Answers:

The Intermediate Value Theorem is not useful

The Intermediate Value Theorem states that somewhere betweenandthere exists a value, with

The Intermediate Value Theorem can identify the value ofthat the function takes on as it passes fromto

The Intermediate Value Theorem tells you how many times the functionrepeats a value as it progresses fromto

Correct answer:

The Intermediate Value Theorem states that somewhere betweenandthere exists a value, with

Explanation:

The Intermediate Value Theorem tells us that a value betweenandexists, but it does not provide any information on what that value is. This eliminates two of the four answer choices - “The Intermediate Value Theorem can identify the value ofthat the function takes on as it passes fromto” and “The Intermediate Value Theorem tells you how many times the functionrepeats a value as it progresses fromto.”

The Intermediate Value Theorem is useful because it can help identify when there are roots or zeros; an example of this is if a polynomial switches signs, Intermediate Value Theorem tells us there is a zero between those values.

From this, we can conclude that the correct answer is “The Intermediate Value Theorem states that somewhere betweenandthere exists a value, with.”

Example Question #5 :Apply Intermediate Value Theorem

In which interval doeshave a root?

Possible Answers:

Correct answer:

Explanation:

Graphingon cartesian coordinates reveals that the function is continuous and crosses theaxis at a value within the interval.

Furthermore, settingproduces a negative value for the function, while settingproduces a positive value, as seen below:

Because the function is a polynomial, the function is continuous. By Intermediate Value Theorem, if the function changes signs within this interval, there must be a root present within the interval.

Example Question #6 :Apply Intermediate Value Theorem

In which interval does the functionNOT necessarily have a root?

Possible Answers:

Correct answer:

Explanation:

Because the function is a polynomial, the function is continuous. By Intermediate Value Theorem, if the function changes signs within this interval, there must be a root present within the interval.

To apply Intermediate Value Theorem to the function, the function can be evaluated at each of the given bounds.

For instance, if the function is evaluated atand, the following is obtained:

For the intervals,, and, there is a change in sign within the interval.

Because the function does not change in sign within the interval, we cannot conclude by Intermediate Value Theorem whether there is a root contained in the interval or not. Thus,is the correct answer.

Example Question #7 :Apply Intermediate Value Theorem

Can Intermediate Value Theorem be applied to the functionwithin the interval?

Possible Answers:

Yes, because the functionhas a root at

No, because

No, because the function is not continuous

Yes, because the function crosses theaxis within the interval

Correct answer:

No, because

Explanation:

The required conditions for Intermediate Value Theorem include the function must be continuous andcannot equal. While there is a root atfor this particular continuous function, this cannot be shown using Intermediate Value Theorem. The function does not cross the崔轴,从而消除特定的答案ce. The correct answer is “No, because.” Since one of the conditions for Intermediate Value Theorem is thatcannot equal, by graphingwe can see that this requirement is not met.

Example Question #8 :Apply Intermediate Value Theorem

What can be concluded by using Intermediate Value Theorem for the functionon the interval?

Possible Answers:

There is a root for this polynomial located betweenand

The requirements for Intermediate Value Theorem are not met

There is a root for this polynomial at

There are two roots on this polynomial located betweenand

Correct answer:

There is a root for this polynomial located betweenand

Explanation:

his function is continuous (as it is a polynomial) and; therefore, the required conditions for Intermediate Value Theorem are met. While there is a root atfor this function (as can be seen by graphing the polynomial), Intermediate Value Theorem does not state where this root will be exactly, nor does it state how many roots there might be. Thus, the conclusion that can be made by IVT is that there is a root for this polynomial located somewhere betweenand.

Example Question #9 :Apply Intermediate Value Theorem

Let. Is there a numberbetweenandsuch that?

Possible Answers:

Yes, as shown by Intermediate Value Theorem

No, Intermediate Value Theorem cannot determine the exact value of

Yes, as shown by the Fundamental Theorem of Calculus

No, no number c such thatexists

Correct answer:

Yes, as shown by Intermediate Value Theorem

Explanation:

First, determine the values of the function at the bounds. This will allow the correct implementation of the Intermediate Value Theorem.

Because the problem asks to analyze the intervaland, there must be a value, with. Because, by Intermediate Value Theorem there should be a numberbetweenandthat satisfies the required conditions. Therefore, “Yes, as shown by Intermediate Value Theorem” is the correct answer.

Example Question #10 :Apply Intermediate Value Theorem

Assumeis continuous on the intervaland has the values listed in the table below. Which of the following values ofguarantees thathas at least two roots?

Q10 table

Possible Answers:

Correct answer:

Explanation:

If, only one root can be guaranteed (at).

If, then Intermediate Value Theorem can be applied twice, forand.

This is true because for continuous functions, Intermediate Value Theorem states that a change in sign (ex: from positive to negative) of the function within an interval suggests a root (where the function crosses the轴)区间内。

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