TACHS Reading : Determining authorial attitude
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Example Question #1 :Determining Authorial Attitude
Adapted fromCowboy Songs and Other Frontier Balladsby John A. Lomax (1910)
The big ranches of the West are now being cut up into small farms. The nester has come, and come to stay. Gone is the buffalo, the Indian warwhoop, the free grass of the open plain—even the stinging lizard, the horned frog, the centipede, the prairie dog, the rattlesnake, are fast disappearing. Save in some of the secluded valleys of southern New Mexico, the old-time round-up is no more; the trails to Kansas and to Montana have become grass-grown or lost in fields of waving grain; the maverick steer, the regal longhorn, has been supplanted by his unpoetic but more beefy and profitable Polled Angus, Durham, and Hereford cousins from across the seas. The changing and romantic West of the early days lives mainly in story and in song. The last figure to vanish is the cowboy, the animating spirit of the vanishing era. He sits his horse easily as he rides through a wide valley, enclosed by mountains, clad in the hazy purple of coming night,—with his face turned steadily down the long, long road, "the road that the sun goes down." Dauntless, reckless, without the unearthly purity of Sir Galahad though as gentle to a woman as King Arthur, he is truly a knight of the twentieth century. A vagrant puff of wind shakes a corner of the crimson handkerchief knotted loosely at his throat; the thud of his pony's feet mingling with the jingle of his spurs is borne back; and as the careless, gracious, lovable figure disappears over the divide, the breeze brings to the ears, faint and far yet cheery still, the refrain of a cowboy song.
It can be inferred from the passage that the author values_____________.
None of these
the ranching culture of the American West
the financial viability of large-scale agriculture in the United States
the preservation of the world ecosystem
the ranching culture of the American West
By describing the cowboy as a homesprung hero, the author presents the cowboy as a cultural figure instead of a socio-political one. He says that the legends are continued through stories and songs, both cultural art forms. It is therefore reasonable to say that he most values the ranchingcultureof the American West, as opposed to, say, the economic value of ranching or the ecosystem of the prairies.
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