SAT II Biology E : Cell Structures
Study concepts, example questions & explanations for SAT II Biology E
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Example Questions
Example Question #1 :Cell Biology
A student identifies a cell as prokaryotic. Which of the following could NOT be a characteristic of the cell?
A true nucleus
DNA
Ribosomes
The ability to carry out photosynthesis
A cell wall
A true nucleus
A defining characteristic of prokaryotes is the lack of a true nucleus. Prokaryotic cells do contain ribosomes, DNA, and cell walls, and some but not all prokaryotes are capable of photosynthesis.
Example Question #1 :Cell Biology
Which of the following is true of the endoplasmic reticulum?
The endoplasmic reticulum is made up of membrane-enclosed spaces used for the trafficking of materials.
The rough ER is involved in metabolism and lipid synthesis.
The endoplasmic reticulum functions in the transport of materials destined to be endocytosed into the cell.
The smooth ER contains ribosomes which account for the smooth surface.
Both the smooth and rough ER are directly involved in protein synthesis.
The endoplasmic reticulum is made up of membrane-enclosed spaces used for the trafficking of materials.
The endoplasmic reticulum is made up of membrane-enclosed spaces used for the trafficking of materials that will be secreted from the cell. Therefore it is involved in exocytosis, not endocytosis. The smooth ER is involved in metabolism and lipid synthesis. The rough ER contains ribosomes accounting for its rough appearance and allowing it to be involved in protein synthesis.
Example Question #1 :Endoplasmic Reticulum And Golgi Body
Which of the following statements about the Golgi apparatus areFALSE?
The Golgi apparatus repackages contents into vesicles.
The Golgi apparatus receives vesicles from the smooth ER.
The Golgi apparatus modifies contents of vesicles.
The Golgi apparatus produces some lipids.
The Golgi apparatus sends vesicles to the cell surface to be exocytosed.
The Golgi apparatus produces some lipids.
The Golgi aparatus does not synthesize lipids. Lipids are synthesized in the smooth ER.
Example Question #1 :Cell Biology
Which of the following accurately describes the rough endoplasmic reticulum and the smooth endoplasmic reticulum?
Neither the rough endoplasmic reticulum nor the smooth endoplasmic reticulum have any ribosomes bound to their surfaces.
The rough endoplasmic reticulum and the smooth endoplasmic reticulum both have many ribosomes bound to their surfaces.
The rough endoplasmic reticulum has many ribosomes bound to its surface, but the smooth endoplasmic reticulum does not.
The smooth endoplasmic reticulum has many ribosomes bound to its surface, but the rough endoplasmic reticulum does not.
The rough endoplasmic reticulum has many ribosomes bound to its surface, but the smooth endoplasmic reticulum does not.
The rough endoplasmic reticulum is described as "rough" because it is covered in ribosomes, which look like tiny beads along its surface. The smooth endoplasmic reticulum doesn't have these ribosomes all over its surface, so it appears flat and is described as "smooth" for this reason. The ribosomes function to make proteins.
Example Question #1 :Cell Biology
The cell is the most basic unit of life in all known organisms. Integral to its function is its ability to maintain intracellular and extracellular boundaries. Maintaining these boundaries is the function of membranes.
Which of the following choices include cells that have both a cell wall and a membrane?
I. Bacterial cells
II. Fungal cells
III. Animal cells
I and II
I only
I and III
I, II, and III
II and III
I and II
Plants, bacteria, and fungi have both a membrane as well as a cell wall. On the other hand, animal cells have only a membrane.
Example Question #1 :Cell Biology
The cell walls of bacteria, plants, and fungi are of varying composition. Plant cells are composed of__________.
glycogen
cellulose
peptidoglycan
carboxypeptidase
chitin
cellulose
Plant cell walls are made of cellulose, a polysaccharide.
Example Question #1 :Sat Subject Test In Biology
The cell walls of bacteria, plants, and fungi are of varying composition. Fungi cells are composed of__________.
chitin
peptidoglycan
glycogen
cellulose
carboxypeptidase
chitin
Fungal cells have cell walls composed of chitin, a polysaccharide similar in structure to cellulose.
Example Question #2 :Cell Biology
The cell walls of bacteria, plants, and fungi are of varying composition. Bacterial cells are composed of__________.
peptidoglycan
chitin
cellulose
glycogen
carboxypeptidase
peptidoglycan
Bacterial cell walls are composed of peptidoglycan, a protein and sugar moiety.
Example Question #1 :Sat Subject Test In Biology
____________ are hollow tubes made up of polymerized tubulin that provide support throughout the cell.
Flagella
Actin
Cilia
Microtubules
Fibrae
Microtubules
Microtubules are hollow tubes made up of polymerized tubulin that provide support throughout the cell.
Example Question #1 :Cell Biology
Which of the following characteristics are true of all enzymes?
Three of the answer choices are correct.
Enzymes are sensitive to temperature and pH.
None of the answer choices are correct.
Enzymes do not alter the equilibrium constant.
Enzymes are not used up in the reaction.
Three of the answer choices are correct.
Enzymes do not alter the equilibrium constant because enzymes are not consumed in the reaction.
Hint: Write out the equation for the equilibrium constant and notice that there is no variable for enzymes.
Enzymes are sensitive to temperature and pH, as high temperatures and very low pH can cause denaturation of an enzyme. Enzymes are only optimal at certain pH and temperature ranges.
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