AP US Government : National Government Institutions

Study concepts, example questions & explanations for AP US Government

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Example Questions

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Example Question #1 :Structure Of Congress

Which description refers solely to the United States Senate?

Possible Answers:

Tries impeached officials

Members have two-year terms

Initiates articles of impeachment

Contains four hundred and thirty-five members

Initiates revenue bills

Correct answer:

Tries impeached officials

Explanation:

Only the Senate can try impeached government officials. The rest of the choices apply to the House of Representatives. The House initiates impeachment procedures and all revenue bills. The Senate has one hundred members with six-year terms.

Example Question #1 :Congress

Which of the following types of Congressional Committee consists of members of both houses of Congress?

Possible Answers:

Conference Committee

Joint Committee

Oversight Committee

Standing Committee

Select Committee

Correct answer:

Joint Committee

Explanation:

A joint committee is the only type of committee that includes members of both houses of Congress.

Example Question #2 :Congress

What is the name of a Congressional committee designed to correct differences between a House and Senate version of a Bill?

Possible Answers:

A Standing Committee

A Conference Committee

A Logrolling Committee

A Cloture Committee

A House Ways and Means Committee

Correct answer:

A Conference Committee

Explanation:

When there is disagreement between the House and the Senate over the exact language or direction that a bill should be taking, a Conference Committee of members of both houses is formed to try to negotiate these differences.

Example Question #1 :Congress

What is the name given to permanent congressional committees tasked with responsibility over one area of government policy?

Possible Answers:

A House Committee

A Conference Committee

A Pluralistic Committee

A Standing Committee

A Majority Committee

Correct answer:

A Standing Committee

Explanation:

A Standing Committee is a long-term, or permanent, Congressional committee that is responsible for one specific area of government policy. Examples include Banking, Housing, and Urban Affairs; Energy, and Commerce: Ways and Means, etc.

Example Question #1 :Congress

Who was elected Speaker of the House after the Republicans gained a majority in the House in the elections of 2010?

Possible Answers:

Dennis Hastert

John Boehner

Rand Paul

John McCain

Nancy Pelosi

Correct answer:

John Boehner

Explanation:

The current Speaker of House, first elected when Republicans came to control the House in the election of 2010, is John Boehner. He was narrowly reelected at the beginning of 2013 and is currently serving his second term as Speaker of the House. As leader of the House, majority party Boehner is expected by tradition, but not required, to abstain from House debates.

Example Question #1 :Congress

A bicameral legislature is one that__________.

Possible Answers:

uses committees

has one house

is elected

is elected every two years

has two houses

Correct answer:

has two houses

Explanation:

Bicameral means two chambers or two houses, in the case of the United States that is the Senate and the House of Representatives. Unicameral means one chamber or house.

Example Question #1 :Congress

The United States Senate has__________members.

Possible Answers:

Correct answer:

Explanation:

Each state elects two senators as per the constitution, thussenators fromstates. The numberis the current make-up of the House of Representatives where the number of seats is determined by population.

Example Question #1 :Congress

Prior to the ratification of the 17th Amendment, what federal office(s) was/were popularly (directly) elected?

Possible Answers:

The President only

The Senate only

The House only

The President, the Senate, and the House

Both the Senate and the House

Correct answer:

The House only

Explanation:

This is a relatively straightforward question. In order to answer, however, you must have understood the distinction between popular/direct election and indirect election. Recall that a directly-elected office means that we the people vote for a person, and then based off of those votes alone, that person is elected (or not). Indirect election, however, means that we the people vote for a person, and then that person votes FOR us to elect the candidate. Do you understand the distinction?

Prior to the ratification of the 17th Amendment, the only popularly elected federal office in the US was the House. In other words, voting members of the public directly cast their ballots for Mr. X or Ms. Y, and whoever gained the majority vote in their district, won.

Senators were NOT directly elected. The founders viewed the passions of the general public to be somewhat too inflammatory (or at least too easily inflamed) to warrant them picking any more than 1 chamber (the House). Senators were elected via state legislatures. In other words, the General Court of Massachusetts (that’s what they call their state legislature) would elect the two senators to represent Massachusetts.

The President was not and is not directly elected. This might be slightly tricky, but remember that WE don’t elect the President: the Electoral College does.

Hence, the correct answer is “the House only.”

Example Question #2 :Congress

You must be____________years old and a citizen for______________years to be a member of the House of Representatives.

Possible Answers:

Correct answer:

Explanation:

相对简单的答案。你必须在草原t 25 years old, and a citizen for at least 7 years prior to taking office as a Member of the House of Representatives. This reflects the Framer’s belief that the House (the “lower” chamber) was to be the less mature and less deliberative of the two chambers; hence the lower age requirements and the lower citizenship requirements. Note also, that you can be an immigrant and be in the House—so long as you’ve been naturalized, and a citizen for 7 years, you are qualified.

Example Question #2 :National Government Institutions

You must be__________years old and a citizen for__________years to be a Senator.

Possible Answers:

Correct answer:

Explanation:

You must be 30 years old and a citizen for at least 9 years prior to taking office as a Senator. Contrary to the House, this represents the Framer’s belief that the Senate (the “upper” chamber) was to be the more mature and deliberative of the two chambers; hence the higher age and citizenship requirements. Similar to the House, you can be an immigrant Senator (just with longer naturalization/citizenship requirements). Interestingly, we see the “more mature” element come to play in a few other places, too: confirmation of Article III judges and treaty ratifications.

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